Post by KyferLegs (Diria) on Apr 26, 2022 22:07:45 GMT -5
Dirian Federale Governmet
"Dirian Federal Government"
The Dirian Coat of Arms
Federale Parlamentie
"Federal Parliments"
Federale Diyet:
"Federal Diet"
Base: 616 Seats
Overhang: 124 Seats
Total: 740 Seats
"Federal Diet"
Base: 616 Seats
Overhang: 124 Seats
Total: 740 Seats
Federale Consey:
"Federal Council"
Base: 58 Seats
Total: 58 Seats
"Federal Council"
Base: 58 Seats
Total: 58 Seats
Federale Gabine
"Federal Cabinet"
Cancellerie & Federale Ministerie:
"Chancellery & Federal Ministries"
Cancellerie:
- The Federal Chancellery
- Federal Minister for Special Affairs
Diplomatic or Foreign Cooperation Ministerie:
- The Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- The Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and External Affairs
Economic Ministerie:
- The Federal Ministry of Economy
- The Federal Ministry of Finance
- The Federal Ministry of Transport and Logistics
- The Federal Ministry of Housing, Urban Development and Building
Judicial and Law Ministerie:
- Federal Ministry of Justice
Social Security & Education Ministerie:
- The Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs
- The Federal Ministry of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth
- The Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Health and Protection Ministerie:
- The Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture
- The Federal Ministry of Health
- The Federal Ministry of Consumer Protection
Environmental Ministerie:
- The Federal Ministry of Environment and Nature Conservations
National Defense Ministerie:
- The Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
- The Federal Ministry of Defence
Government Branches & Processes
The Executive Branch:
The Eecutive Branch consists of a Federal President and the Federal Government. The Federal President is elected through a Federal President Election Convention, which convenes every five years and comprises all members of the Federal Diet and equal half of members from State Diets. Once a President is elected and, if applicable, a Chancellor is nominated by the Federal President (The nominee is then voted for election by the Federal Diet.) If the election succeeds, the Chancellor is appointed. Once appointed, the Chancellor must nominate a Federal Cabinet consisting of Federal Ministers (Federal Ministry of Finance, Federal Ministry of Justice, etc.) Which the Federal President appoints them. A Federal Government is then formed with an active Chancellor, a Federal Cabinet, and all required oaths. After formation, the Federal Government can introduce bills to the Federal Council through its members and sign corresponding acts. Furthermore, a Chancellor is elected or re-elected every four years, with no term limit.
After a transition of power, the Federal President usually acts as a ceremonial head of state, and the Chancellor serves as the majority of executive power in the nation. The Federal President must appoint and dismiss the Chancellor, Federal Ministers, Federal Constitutional Court President, and Federal Constitutional Court Judges. Including must-sign acts that pass through the Federal Diet. However, the Federal President may rarely veto laws if it is unconstitutional.
The Eecutive Branch consists of a Federal President and the Federal Government. The Federal President is elected through a Federal President Election Convention, which convenes every five years and comprises all members of the Federal Diet and equal half of members from State Diets. Once a President is elected and, if applicable, a Chancellor is nominated by the Federal President (The nominee is then voted for election by the Federal Diet.) If the election succeeds, the Chancellor is appointed. Once appointed, the Chancellor must nominate a Federal Cabinet consisting of Federal Ministers (Federal Ministry of Finance, Federal Ministry of Justice, etc.) Which the Federal President appoints them. A Federal Government is then formed with an active Chancellor, a Federal Cabinet, and all required oaths. After formation, the Federal Government can introduce bills to the Federal Council through its members and sign corresponding acts. Furthermore, a Chancellor is elected or re-elected every four years, with no term limit.
After a transition of power, the Federal President usually acts as a ceremonial head of state, and the Chancellor serves as the majority of executive power in the nation. The Federal President must appoint and dismiss the Chancellor, Federal Ministers, Federal Constitutional Court President, and Federal Constitutional Court Judges. Including must-sign acts that pass through the Federal Diet. However, the Federal President may rarely veto laws if it is unconstitutional.
The Judicial Branch:
The Federal Constitutional Court of Diria is a Constitutional Court of 16 Judge plenum positions. For a Judge to acquire a seat at the Federal Constitutional Court, The Federal Minister of Justice must nominate a Judge. The Minister of Justice then sends their nominee to a temporary Federal Judge Election Convention. The Federal Judge Election Convention is divided in half between the current Federal Diet and Federal Council members, where size is decided pre-determined but is usually equal to or more than 36% of the current Federal Diet with overhang seats ready for balancing. If the Federal Judge Election Convention approves a nominated Judge, the Minister of Justice sends an appointment request to the Federal President. A Federal Constitutional Court Judge's term consists of no limit. Still, a Judge can be impeached by a vote from the Federal Diet or retirement when they reach the Federal Retirement age. The Federal Constitutional Court, when convened, acts as the decision-maker of constitutional complaints, abstract regulation control, specific regulation control, federal disputes, state-federal dispute, investigation committee control, federal election scrutiny, impeachment procedure, and prohibition of a political party.
The Federal Constitutional Court of Diria is a Constitutional Court of 16 Judge plenum positions. For a Judge to acquire a seat at the Federal Constitutional Court, The Federal Minister of Justice must nominate a Judge. The Minister of Justice then sends their nominee to a temporary Federal Judge Election Convention. The Federal Judge Election Convention is divided in half between the current Federal Diet and Federal Council members, where size is decided pre-determined but is usually equal to or more than 36% of the current Federal Diet with overhang seats ready for balancing. If the Federal Judge Election Convention approves a nominated Judge, the Minister of Justice sends an appointment request to the Federal President. A Federal Constitutional Court Judge's term consists of no limit. Still, a Judge can be impeached by a vote from the Federal Diet or retirement when they reach the Federal Retirement age. The Federal Constitutional Court, when convened, acts as the decision-maker of constitutional complaints, abstract regulation control, specific regulation control, federal disputes, state-federal dispute, investigation committee control, federal election scrutiny, impeachment procedure, and prohibition of a political party.
The Legislative Branch:
The Federal Dirian Government Legislature consists of the lower Federal Diet and the upper Federal Council parliaments. Firstly, the lower Federal Diet is a parliament that comprises 616 seats, and its composition is decided through elections every four years. The Federal Diet directly represents the people of Diria. The Federal Diet can introduce and pass bills, debate mediated acts, elect and oversee the nominated Chancellor, elect the Federal Constitutional Court President, elect the Federal Constitutional Court Judges, decide the Federal budget, and act upon other legislative processes. The Federal Diet also consists of a Diet President who usually is a part of the largest party currently in the Federal Diet. (There are other roles, such as Head of Opposition and Father of the House, which act solely ceremonially. Including there are Vice Presidents, who are the agreed representatives of every party.)
The Federal Council is the upper parliament with 58 seats filled by the chosen representatives of State Councils' Cabinet Members. Federal Council seats become filled by an appointment process determined by autonomous State Governments Constitutions. The Federal Council acts as a representation of the 12 states of Diria. The Federal Council can review and observe bills, approve, mediate, veto, and debate acts, elect the Federal Constitutional Court President, elect the Federal Constitutional Court Judges, and act upon other legislative processes. Furthermore, the Federal Council consists of a Federal Council President and two Federal Council Vice Presidents with one-year terms that rotate in three yearly dates and from descending order to the overall votes of a State and is given to an agreed member of a State's Representatives.
The Federal Dirian Government Legislature consists of the lower Federal Diet and the upper Federal Council parliaments. Firstly, the lower Federal Diet is a parliament that comprises 616 seats, and its composition is decided through elections every four years. The Federal Diet directly represents the people of Diria. The Federal Diet can introduce and pass bills, debate mediated acts, elect and oversee the nominated Chancellor, elect the Federal Constitutional Court President, elect the Federal Constitutional Court Judges, decide the Federal budget, and act upon other legislative processes. The Federal Diet also consists of a Diet President who usually is a part of the largest party currently in the Federal Diet. (There are other roles, such as Head of Opposition and Father of the House, which act solely ceremonially. Including there are Vice Presidents, who are the agreed representatives of every party.)
The Federal Council is the upper parliament with 58 seats filled by the chosen representatives of State Councils' Cabinet Members. Federal Council seats become filled by an appointment process determined by autonomous State Governments Constitutions. The Federal Council acts as a representation of the 12 states of Diria. The Federal Council can review and observe bills, approve, mediate, veto, and debate acts, elect the Federal Constitutional Court President, elect the Federal Constitutional Court Judges, and act upon other legislative processes. Furthermore, the Federal Council consists of a Federal Council President and two Federal Council Vice Presidents with one-year terms that rotate in three yearly dates and from descending order to the overall votes of a State and is given to an agreed member of a State's Representatives.
Bills & Act Process:
Bills are legislative proposals introduced to the Dirian Federal Legislature by the Chancellor, Federal Cabinet Members, Federal Council, or the Federal Diet. Bills introduced by the Chancellor or Federal Cabinet Members first approve and submit the proposed bill to the Federal Council, which acts as an opinion before submission to the Federal Diet. Furthermore, bills can be introduced by the Federal Council when more than half of the current members agree to a proposal, in which approved bills are submitted to the Federal Government for opinion and then submitted to the Federal Diet. Finally, bills can be introduced by the Federal Diet when at least one parliamentary party agrees or when 5% of the total present parliamentary members agree to a proposal without needed approval or review from the Federal Government or Federal Council.
Generally, there are three readings within the Federal Diet until a Bill is passed or fails. The first reading consists of permanent committees formed from parliamentary parties, which read and familiarize themselves with the current proposal and discuss positions and revisions. In the second reading, a bill is further discussed, begins to get revised, and receives agreed amendments. In the third reading, either further readings can be approved by 5% of the present members agreeing, or the Federal Diet can immediately vote for the bill. Finally, for the bill to pass, it must be approved by 50% or 2/3s of the present members of the Federal Diet, depending on the changes the bill can bring.
If the bill passes from the Federal Diet it officially becomes an act, then submitted to the Federal Council for review and approval. If the Federal Council has issues or objections to the act it will form a Mediation Council for revisions consisting of members from the Federal Council and Federal Diet. If there is no agreement on revisions, the Federal Council can veto the act, killing it entirely. Otherwise, acts approved or successfully revised by the Federal Council are submitted to the Federal Government, where it's signed by the corresponding Federal Cabinet Member and is either signed or vetoed by the Federal President. (A vetoed act by the Federal President is sent back to the Federal Diet for revision, and the process repeats until approval or the bill fails.) An act officially signed by the Federal Government will become law within 21 days after signatures.
Electorate Process:
The Dirian Citizentry primarily, and on a federal level, only vote for one area: The Federal Diet. However, prestigious positions such as the Chancellory, Presidency, or Judges are decided by parties or coalitions within the Federal Diet. Furthermore, unlike the Federal Diet, the Federal Council comprises representatives from a State. It is similarly determined by the parties or coalition within a State Diet to select the representatives and their affiliation that they'll send to the Federal Council. Regardless, when the Dirian elections begin, usually every four years, they comprise solely of the votes for the Federal Diet, with State Diet elections being staggered and held separately to differentiate from Federal election cycles appropriately. During these Federal elections, a citizen votes in person at a polling location, by mail, or by absentee from family relatives of those in military service unable to vote. Furthermore, a Dirian who is 18 and has Dirian Citizenship is automatically allowed to vote with an ID rather than having to sign or apply for a voting license. Similarly, for a representative or party member to be able to run for election or receive a seat within the Diet, they can't be convicted of a felony, must be at least 18, and has been a Dirian Citizen for at least 5 years.
Nevertheless, the ballot has two sections and is based on the theory of mixed-member proportional representation. The first or left half of a ballot sheet consists of a vote for a representative, while the second or right half consists of a vote for parties that exist at a regional or federal level. The first vote, or Rep-Vote, allows a single choice of a representative to the Dirian Diet from the electors' local Electoral Constituency. The list of representatives possesses the most popular candidates within a Constituency, usually up to eight, for a ballot. The representative voted for can be aligned to any significant, local, or regional party and doesn't need to be the same party or ideology as the second Party-Vote. Additionally, in their totality, there are 308 Electoral Constituencies within Diria, making up half of the Dirian Diet. Furthermore, the Dirian Diet can change or make new electoral constituencies during Federal Census Periods.
Meanwhile, the second vote, or Party-Vote, allows for a single choice of any significant, local, or regional party. The Party-Vote is designed for more in-depth proportional representation and makes up, at least in its lower limit, the other 308 seats within the Dirian Diet. These votes enter a pool that is totaled and then make up the composition of the Parties, Party Seats, and their influence or control within the Dirian Diet. Furthermore, a party of any kind must have at least gained 5% of the seats in the Federal Diet during an election to receive representation within the Federal Diet, a method used to avoid splintered parties and ineffectiveness within the legislative process. Regardless, there are sometimes exceptions due to the misproportions caused by how the Dirian Electoral Process functions, and parties already within the Federal Diet can occasionally fall below the 5 % rule due to either Rep-Votes or Party-Vote imbalances, thus using overhang seats to their advantage, which said overhang seats are a common occurrence within the Federal Diet. Overhang seats exist due to characteristics of mixed-member proportional representation and the way the Rep-Vote and Party-Vote interact. Typically, factors such as voter turnout, Electoral Constituency changes, or imbalance between the amount of Rep-Vote and Party-Vote can cause the number of seats within the Diet to increase unproportionally. Furthermore, when overhang seats are given to a party that receives extra seats, it is called proportional entitlement. Compensation is similarly given to other parties who may not receive additional seats from elections but are still given overhang seats to maintain balance and fairness within the Federal Diet.
Fun Facts:
Legislative:
As previously mentioned, the Federal Diet forms the Dirian Government; however, the majority party is the main power in creating a new government. However, rarely a single party has enough to do such and must form coalitions.
As previously mentioned, the Federal Diet forms the Dirian Government; however, the majority party is the main power in creating a new government. However, rarely a single party has enough to do such and must form coalitions.
Electoral:
Party Membership and being a Representative for an Electoral Constituency are handled differently. Electoral Constituency Representatives are usually from the region of said Constituency. However, there are no legal requirements for this, and any Dirian from any state can run for an Electoral Constituency in another, but success is rare. Nevertheless, what is expected of a Representative is to run campaigns independently or have an existing party affiliation. However, party membership or affiliation is required to become seated within the Federal Diet.
Party Membership and being a Representative for an Electoral Constituency are handled differently. Electoral Constituency Representatives are usually from the region of said Constituency. However, there are no legal requirements for this, and any Dirian from any state can run for an Electoral Constituency in another, but success is rare. Nevertheless, what is expected of a Representative is to run campaigns independently or have an existing party affiliation. However, party membership or affiliation is required to become seated within the Federal Diet.
In Contrast, Party Membership is usually handled by Parties independently and alone, with lower-level affiliations for Counties, State Diets, and higher-level affiliations within the Federal Diet. Nevertheless, Parties usually hold votes for thousands of members to choose candidacies and positions to be occupied or run for. Furthermore, parties also will fund the endeavors of their members to campaign within or outside the Federal or State Diets. Including while obeying the legal requirements of the Dirian Government.